Background: Strategically important Gibraltar passed from Spain to Great Britain in 1713. In a 1967 referendum, according to Findjobdescriptions.com, the people of Gibraltar ignored Spanish pressure and voted overwhelmingly to remain a British territory. Geography

Geography

Location: Southwestern Europe, coast of the Strait of Gibraltar, connecting the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean, on the southern coast of Spain.
Geographical coordinates: 36° 11′ N. latitude, 5°22’W
Reference map: Europe.
Area: total: 6.5 sq. km.; land surface area: 6.5 km2; water surface area: 0 km2
Comparative area: about eleven times the size of Mall Park in Washington, DC.
Land borders: total: 1.2 km; with neighboring states: with Spain 1.2 km.
Coastline: 12 km.
Maritime claims: territorial waters: 3 nautical miles.
Climate: Mediterranean, with mild winters and warm summers.
Terrain: Narrow coastal plain at the foot of the Rock of Gibraltar.
Maximum and minimum heights: lowest point: Mediterranean Sea 0 m; highest point: Rock of Gibraltar 426 m.
Natural resources: negligible.
Land use: arable land: 0%; cultivated land: 0%; pasture: 0%; forests and plantations: 0%; others: 100% (1993 est.).
Irrigated land: no data.
Natural hazards: no data available.
Actual environmental problems: limited drinking water resources; large concrete and natural stone tanks to collect rainwater.
International agreements on environmental protection:
Geography Note: Strategic location in the Strait of Gibraltar, which links the North Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea.

Population

Population: 27,649 (July 2001 est.).
Age structure: under 14: 18.73% (male 2,652; female 2,528); 15 to 64 years: 66.33% (men 9,473; women 8,866); over 65: 14.94% (male 1,733; female 2,397) (2001 est.).
Population growth: 0.24% (2001 est.).
Birth rate: 11.25 newborns / 1000 people. (2001 est.).
Mortality: 8.82 deaths / 1000 people. (2001 est.).
Migration: negligible (2001 est.).
Sex ratio: at birth: 1.05 male/female; under 15: 1.05 male/female; from 15 to 64 years old: 1.07 male/female; over 65: 0.72 male/female; for the general population: 1 male/female. (2001 est.);
Child mortality: 5.49 deaths/1000 live births (2001 est.).
Life expectancy: for the general population: 79.09 years; men: 76.23 years; women: 82.1 years (2001 est.).
General birth rate: 1.64 children/wives. (2001 est.).
Proportion of the adult population infected with HIV: no data available.
Number of people infected with HIV: no data.
Mortality due to AIDS: no data available.
Nationality: noun: resident of Gibraltar; adjective: Gibraltar.
Ethnic groups: Italians, British, Maltese, Portuguese, Spaniards.
Religious: Roman Catholic 76.9%, Anglican 6.9%, Muslim 6.9%, Jewish 2.3%, non-denominational or other 7% (1991).
Languages): English (used in schools and officially), Spanish, Italian, Portuguese, Russian.
Literacy: definition: no data; for the general population: approximately 80%; men: no data; women: no data. State Name:

Politics

Common long form: no;
Common short form: Gibraltar. Dependency State: British Overseas Territory.
State structure: no data.
Capital: Gibraltar.
Administrative division: none (overseas territory of Great Britain).
Independence: none (overseas territory of Great Britain).
National holiday: Commonwealth Day (second Monday in March).
Constitution: adopted May 30, 1969.
Legal system: English law.
Suffrage: from 18 years old; universal, applies to other residents of the UK who are on the peninsula for six months or more.
chief of state: Koropeva ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor and Commander David DURIE (since 5 April 2000); note – a new governor was appointed in February 2000, but took office only in April 2000;
head of government: Chief Minister Peter CARUANA (since 17 May 1996);
Government: the Council of Ministers is appointed from among the 15 elected members of the House of Assembly by the Governor in consultation with the Chief Minister; note: there is also the Gibraltar Council, which is an advisory body to the governor; elections: no; hereditary monarchy; the governor is appointed by the monarch; The chief minister is appointed by the governor.
Legislative branch: unicameral House of Assembly (18 seats, 15 members are elected by popular vote, one is appointed to the position of speaker, 2 hold seats ex officio; term of office – 4 years); elections: last held 10 February 2000 (next to be held in 2004); election results: distribution of votes between parties: GSD 58%, GSLP 41%; distribution of seats among parties: GSD 8, GSLP 7.
Judiciary: Supreme Court; Court of Appeal.
Political parties and leaders: Gibraltar Social Democrats (GSD) (Peter CARUANA); Gibraltar Socialist Labor Party (GSLP) (Joe BOSSANO);
Political pressure groups and their leaders: Chamber of Commerce; Organization of Representatives of Gibraltar; Housewives Association.
Participation in international organizations: Interpol (branch of the national bureau).
Diplomatic representation in the United States: none (overseas territory of Great Britain).
US Diplomatic Representation: None (UK Overseas Territory).
Flag Description: two horizontal stripes of white (top, double width) and red with a red castle with three towers in the center of the white stripe; a golden key hangs from the castle gate in the center of the red band.

Economics

Economic Overview: Gibraltar generates income from large-scale merchant shipping, offshore banking and its position as an international conference venue. The British military presence has been drastically reduced and now accounts for about 11% of the local economy. The financial sector accounts for 20% of GDP; tourism is important (nearly 6 million visitors in 1998); also generate revenue from ship service charges and duties on consumer goods. Gibraltar has undergone major structural changes in recent years, turning its predominantly public economy into a private one, but fluctuations in government spending still have an impact on employment rates.
GDP: at purchasing power parity – $500 million (1997 est.).
Real GDP growth rate: no data available.
GDP per capita: Purchasing Power Parity $17,500 (1997 est.)
Composition of GDP by sectors of the economy: agriculture: no data; industry: no data; service sector: no data.
Proportion of the population below the poverty line: no data available.
Percentage distribution of household income or consumption: for the poorest 10% of households: n/a; by top 10% of households: no data.
Inflation rate at consumer prices: 1.5% (1998).
Labor force: 14,800 people (including those living outside Gibraltar).
Employment structure: services 60%, industry 40%, agriculture insignificantly.
Unemployment rate: 13.5% (1996)
Budget: revenues: $307 million; expenditures: $284 million including capital expenditures – NA (FY00-01 est.).
Spheres of economy: tourism, banking and financial services, shipbuilding and ship repair; maintenance of large sea and air bases of Great Britain; production of tobacco products, mineral water, beer, fish canning.
Growth in industrial production: no data available.
Electricity generation: 95 million kWh (1999).
Sources of electricity generation: fossil fuels: 100%; hydropower: 0%; nuclear fuel: 0%; other: 0% (1999).
Electricity consumption: 88.4 million kWh (1999).
Electricity export: 0 kWh (1999).
Electricity import: 0 kWh (1999).
Agricultural products: no.
Export: $81.1 million (free on board, 1997)
Export items: (exclusively re-export) oil 51%, manufactured goods 41%, other 8%.
Export partners: UK, Morocco, Portugal, Netherlands, Spain, USA, Germany.
Import: $492 million (S.I.F., 1997).
Imports: fuels, manufactured goods, foodstuffs.
Import partners: UK, Spain, Japan, Netherlands.
External debt: no data. Recipient of economic assistance: no data.
Economic aid donor:
Currency: Gibraltar pound.
Currency code: GIP.
Exchange rate: GIP / USD – 0.6764 (January 2001), 0.6596 (2000), 0.6180 (1999), 0.6037 (1998), 0.6106 (1997), 0.6403 (1996); note – the Gibraltar pound is equal to the British pound.
Fiscal year: July 1-June 30.

Telecommunications

Telecommunications Telephone lines: 19,000 (1997).
Mobile cellular telephones: 1,620 (1997).
Telephone system: satisfactory, automatic local system and satisfactory international communication; internal: automatic; international: radiotelephone; microwave radio relay; satellite earth station 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean).
Broadcast stations: AM – 1, FM – 5, shortwave -0 (1998).
Radio receivers: 37,000 (1997).
Television broadcast stations: 1 (and 3 low power repeaters) (1997).
TVs: 10,000 (1997).
Internet country code: gi
Internet service providers: 2 (2000).
Number of users: no data.

Transport

Transport Railways: total: no data; only in the area of ​​the docks (gauge 1,000 m).
Roads: total: 46.25 km; coated: 46.25 km; unpaved: 0 km.
Pipelines: none.
Ports and harbours: Gibraltar.
Merchant fleet: total: 49 ships (displacement 1,000 tons or more) with a total displacement of 669,056 gross register tons / 1,003,809 long tons; ships of various types: bulk carriers – 1, cargo ships – 15, chemical tankers – 6, container ships – 7, multifunctional heavy cargo ships – 3, passenger ships – 2, oil tankers – 14, ferries – 1 (2000 est.).
Airports: 1 (2000 est.).
Airports with paved runways: total: 1; from 1524 to 2437 m: 1 (2000 est.).
Airports with unpaved runways:

Armed Forces

Branches of the Armed Forces: British Army, Royal Navy, Royal Air Force. Armed Forces – Note: Defense is the responsibility of the UK.

International Issues

International issues International disputes: is a source of friction between Spain and the UK.